FROM REVOLUTION TO MODERNIZATION: STRATEGY AND IDEOLOGY OF PRC OF THE REFORMS PERIOD
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Abstract
This paper examines the basic ideological concepts that were formulated by Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping for implementing the modernization of the country. It notes that Mao Zedong used the basic principles of Marxism contained in the works of Marx and Engels, which most of all concerns the theory of dialectical materialism and scientific basis for building communism. Mao Zedong made four important changes in Marxist-Leninist teaching during the development of the ideology taking into account the historical and cultural specificity of China. Deng Xiaoping’s reforms ideology is characterized by the rejection of the ideas of class struggle and shifting attention from political campaigns to the economic transformation of market type. In Jiang Zemin’s theory it was taken a retreat from the Marxist-Leninist understanding of production, as well as such basic concepts as “working class”. The most important elements of Hu Jintao’s ideology are “scientific development” and “harmonious society”, which became a supplement to the general concept of building a “socialism with the Chinese characteristics”. The basis of Xi Jinping’s neo-traditionalist concept has become a “Chinese Dream” – a combination of nationalism, statism and authoritarianism. From the standpoint of Maoism Xi Jinping suspended the political and institutional reforms of his predecessors. He opposed to the universal values and global standards that directly contradicts Deng Xiaoping’s pragmatics of reforms.
How to Cite
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Ideology, Modernization, PRC, Reforms, Revolution, Strategy
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