BHAGAVADGĪTĀ. CHAPTERS 14–15 / TRANSLATION FROM THE SANSKRIT, INTRODUCTORY ARTICLE AND COMMENTARIES BY D. BURBA
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Abstract
This publication presents the Ukrainian translation of the fourteenth and fifteenth chapters of Bhagavadgita, composed perhaps in the 1st or 2nd century CE that is the most famous Hindu Scripture.
The fourteenth chapter is entitled The Yoga of the Division of the three gunas. The term guna is applied to the three modes of material nature, through which its manifestation and functioning takes place. These three gunas are called: sattva (goodness, purity), rajas (passion, activity), and tamas (darkness, inertia). Particular attention to the concept of gunas is paid by Samkhya philosophy. As for the Bhagavadgita, its fourteenth chapter describes the influence of the three gunas on a person’s psyche and behavior, as well as on the character of his posthumous life.
The title of the fifteenth chapter is The Yoga of the Supreme Purusha. The word purusha in common sense means man but when it comes to “inner man” then purusha is a spiritual entity or soul which is also called Atman. However, there is also the “Supreme Purusha, called the Supreme Atman”. He is eternal Lord Krishna. A person who knows this is knower of all and he worships Krishna with all his being.
The chapter begins with the allegory of the world tree. It is said that a yogi who has transcended the world cuts off this firm and deep-rooted tree with a strong sword of non-attachment.
The concepts and realities considered in these chapters are explained by the translator in notes, with quotations from the Mahabharata, as well as by citing the Vedanta Sutras, Yoga Sutras, Laws of Manu, Samkhya Karika, Upanishads, Puranas and other classical texts of Hinduism.
How to Cite
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Bhagavadgita, Hinduism, India, Mahabharata, meditation, religion, Sanskrit, translation, yoga
Бурба Д. В. Практична транскрипція санскритських власних назв та термінів в українській мові // Східний світ, 2018, № 1.
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Pātañjala-yogasutrāni [with Three Commentaries] Vācaspati Miśra viracitṭīkā saṃvalita Vyāsa-bhāṣya sametāni tathā Bhojadeva viracita Rāja-mārtaṇḍābhidha vṛtti sametāni. Ānandāśrama-mudraṇālaya, 1904. (Санскритський текст).
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The Sānkhya-kārika by the great sage Ishwar-Krishna with commentary called Sānkhya-tattva Kaumudi by Shri Vachaspati Mishra and another commentary called Vidvattoshini by Shri Balaram Udaseen. Haridwar, 1931. (Санскритський текст).
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Zaehner R. C. The Bhagavad Gītā, with a Commentary Based on the Original Sources. Oxford, 1969.
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Pātañjala-yogasutrāni [with Three Commentaries:] Vācaspati Miśra viracitṭīkā saṃvalita Vyāsa-bhāṣya sametāni tathā Bhojadeva viracita Rāja-mārtaṇḍābhidha vṛtti sametāni (1904), Ānandāśrama-mudraṇālaya, Pune. (In Sanskrit).
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“The Chandogya-Upanisad, with comm. ascribed to Samkara”, in Göttingen Register of Electronic Texts in Indian Languages and related Indological materials from Central and Southeast Asia, available at: http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil/1_sanskr/1_veda/4_upa/chupsb_. (accessed March 5, 2020). (In Sanskrit).
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The Mahabharata Critical Edition, Vol. VII, The Bhīşmaparvan, being the sixth book of the Mahābhārata the great epic of India (1947), for the first time critically edited by S. K. Belvalkar, The Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona. (In Sanskrit).
The Sánkhya-káriká or Memorial Verses on the Sánkhya Philosophy, by ĺswara Krishna, translated from Sanskrit by Henri Thomas Colebrooke, also The Bháshya or Commentary of Gaudapáda, translated, and illustrated by an original comment, by Horace Hayman Wilson (1837), The Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland, Oxford. (Partly in Sanskrit).
“The Srimad Devi Bhagavatam, translated by Swami Vijnananda” (1921), in The Sacred Books of Hindus, Vol. XXVI, Part 3, Third edition, Bhuvaneswari Asrama, Allahabad.
Śrīmad-bhāgavata-purāṇa, searchable file of complete Sanskrit text for researchers, available at: www.sanskritweb.net/sansdocs/bhagpur.pdf (accessed March 5, 2020). (Іn Sanskrit).
Zaehner R. C. (1969), The Bhagavad Gītā, with a Commentary Based on the Original Sources, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
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