COLLECTIVE LEADERSHIP AND THE STRUGGLE FOR POWER IN THE MONGOLIAN PEOPLE’S REPUBLICIN THE 1950S: YU. TSEDENBAL AND D. DAMBA
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Abstract
The article, based in particular on unpublished sources, analyzes the rivalry between the Yu. Tsedenbal and D. Damba, Prime Minister and First Secretary of the Mongolian People’s Re-volutionary Party in the political realities of the Mongolian People’s Republic in the 1950s (collective leadership period). According to the author, in addition to the struggle for power that took place during the previous decades between the Mongolian prime minister and the leader of the Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party, in this case, there were fundamental differences in the views of the Mongol rulers. These were different views on the pace and conditions of cooperation of Arat farms, on the demarcation of the border between the Mongolian People’s Republic and the USSR – extremely important things for Mongolian society.
The most acute direction in the mutual struggle of the two Mongolian political leaders was the rethinking and investigation of the political repressions that took place in the 1930s and 1940s in the Mongolian People’s Republic. On the one hand, this tragedy of the Mongol people remained relevant for decades, appealed to by various cohorts and generations of Mongolian politicians in the second half of the 20th century. On the other hand, then the investigation of the crimes of the previous regime served as a powerful weapon in the struggle for sole power in the socialist country, following the example of Soviet party leader N. Khrushchev. Thus, the second half of the 1950s was a difficult ordeal for Yu. Tsedenbal, who fought not only for power that began to slip out of his hands but also for his own past. Mongolian political life was influenced by the unstable political situation in the Soviet ruling elite and the Eastern Bloc and the imposition on each other of the powers of the head of state and the head of the party in the countries of the socialist camp. The decisive factor was also the degree of Soviet support for a particular policy, which was based primarily on the latter’s loyalty to the USSR. The removal of D. Damba and his supporters from the political arena did not deprive Yu. Tsedenbal of serious opposition and further challenges to his power, which proves that inside the Mongol elite the reasons for dissatisfaction with the political line of the Prime Minister were quite objective.
How to Cite
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collective leadership, D. Damba, First Secretary of the Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party, Mongol People’s Republic, Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party, political repressions, prime-minister, USSR, Yu. Tsedenbal
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