Śvetāśvatara-Upaniṣad 1.1-16 / Translation from Sanskrit, Introductory Article and Commentaries by Yu. Zavhorodnii
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Abstract
The reader is offered a Ukrainian translation of the first chapter of the Śvetāśvatara-Upaniṣad. The Upaniṣads are a late Vedic genre of ancient Indian literature that completes the formation of the Vedic corpus of sacred texts. The first texts of the Upaniṣads appear around the 8th century BC. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the Upaniṣads for the study of the origins of Indian religious and philosophical thought. Leading Indian philosophers developed the ideas of the Upaniṣads, quoted them in their own works, and, starting with Gauḍapāda, wrote their own commentaries on them. They are the first component of the triple canon (prasthānatrayī) of the Vedānta philosophical school. For more than a century, not only in world Indological circles, but also among much wider intellectual circles of various countries, primarily in Europe and North America, there has been a steady interest in the Upaniṣads.
The Śvetāśvatara-Upaniṣad is one of the most authoritative and well-known Upaniṣads. It received its high recognition not only in Hindu, but also in scientific circles. And although its studies and translations have a long history, there are still many controversial and unresolved issues.
Our publication is intended to renew the existing Ukrainian academic interest in the Upaniṣads, which was interrupted by the Soviet authorities in the 1920s and 1930s, and to draw attention to some still insufficiently researched aspects of the Śvetāśvatara-Upaniṣad. Thus, emphasis is placed on the features of the description of the Highest principle (reality), the soteriological component of the ancient Indian text, on the role played by sages in the Upaniṣad, on the features of text creation.
How to Cite
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
quotation; sage; soteriological; Supreme reality; Śvetāśvatara; Śvetāśvatara-Upaniṣad; Upaniṣad; Vedic
Бурба Д. В. (перек.) Бгаґавадґіта. “Ґіта-артха-санґрага” Ямуни. Київ, 2021.
Завгородній Ю. Рецепція індійської філософії в Україні. Лінія Вед (1840–1930-ті рр.). Київ, 2013.
Сыркин А. Я. (перев.) Упанишады. Книга 2. Москва, 1992.
Apte. Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. 1890. URL: https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/AP90Scan/2020/web/webtc2/index.php (дата звернення: 19.08.2024).
Apte V. G. Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad. Edited With the Commentaries of Śaṃkara, Śaṃkarānanda, Nārāyaṇa, and Vijñānabhagavat. (Anandasrama Sanskrit Series, 17). Poona, 1927. (In Sanskrit).
Basu B. D. (ed.) Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad. (The Sacred Books of the Hindus, Vol. XVIII). Allahabad, 1916.
Bedekar V. M. The Dhyānayoga in the Mahābhārata (XII. 188) // Bhāratīya Vidyā, 1960–1961, № 20–21.
Bhandarkar R. G. Vaiṣṇavism, Śaivism and Minor Religious Systems. New Delhi, 2001.
Chand D. (trans.) Atharvaveda. New Delhi, 2002.
Cohen S. The Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad Reconsidered // Acta Orientalia, 1998, № 59.
Cohen S. (ed.). The Upaniṣads. A Complete Guide. London – New York, 2018.
Deussen P. The Philosophy of the Upanishads. New York, 1966.
Deussen P. (trans.). Sixty Upaniṣads of the Veda. Part One. Delhi, 1980.
Devadatta Kālī. (trans.). Śvetāśvataropaniṣad. The Knowledge that Liberates. Lake Worth, 2011.
Gambhirananda Swami (trans.). Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad. With the Commentary of Śaṅkarācārya. Kolkata, 2009.
Ghosh Sh. (trans.). The Original Yoga as Expounded in Śivasaṃhitā, Gheraṇḍasaṃhitā and Patañjala Yogasūtra. Delhi, 1999.
Gonda J. A History of Indian Literature. Vol. I, Fasc. 1. Vedic Literature (Saṃhitās and Brāhmaṇas). Wiesbaden, 1975.
Grimes J. A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English. Albany, 1996.
Hauschild R. Die Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad: Eine kritische Ausgabe mit einer Ubersetzung und einer Ubersicht uber ihre Lehren. (Abhandlungen fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes, XVII.3). Leipzig, 1927.
Hume R. E. (trans.). The Thirteen Principal Upaniṣads. London, 1921.
Johnston E. H. Some Sāṁkhya and Yoga Conceptions of the Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad // The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1930, No. 4. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0035869X00071872
Joshi K. L. et al. (eds). 112 Upaniṣads (An Exhaustive Introduction, Sanskrit Text, English Translation and Index of Verses). Vol. 1. Delhi, 2016.
Limaye V. P. and Vadekar R. D. (eds). Eighteen Principal Upaniṣads. Poona, 1958.
Mallinson J. and Singleton M. (eds). Roots of Yoga. W/s, 2017.
Mitra R. (ed.). Taittirīya Ᾱraṇyaka. Kolkata, 1872. (In Sanskrit).
Monier-Williams M. Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries. 1899. URL: https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/2014/web/webtc/indexcaller.php (дата звернення: 19.08.2024).
Muller F. Max. (ed. and trans.). The Sacred Books of the East. Vol. 15. The Upanishads. Pt. II. Oxford, 1884.
Nooten van B. A. and Holland G. B. (ed.). Rig Veda. A Metrically Restored Text with an Introduction and Notes. Cambridge, 1994.
Oberlies T. Die Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad: Einleitung-Edition und Ubersetzung von Adhyaya I // Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens. Vol. 39. 1995.
Olivelle P. The Early Upaniṣads. Annotated Text and Translation. New York – Oxford, 1998a. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195124354.001.0001
Olivelle P. Unfaithful Transmitters: Philological Criticism and Critical Editions of the Upaniṣads // Journal of Indian Philosophy. Vol. 26, No. 2. 1998b. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004322726953
Radhakrishnan S. (trans.). The Principal Upaniṣads. London, 1953.
Tyāgīśānanda Swāmi (trans.). Śvetāśvataropaniṣad. Madras, 1949.
Vasu S. Ch. (trans.). The Upaniṣads with the Commentaty of the Madhvacārya. Pt I. Īśa, Kena, Kaṭha, Muṇḍaka and Māṇḍuka. Allahabad, 1909.
Vigyanatmayatih. Shavetashvataropan1S Hat Savyakhya // Lalchand Research Library, DAV College, Chandigarh. URL: https://dav.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/shavetashvataropan1s-hat-savyakhya?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR1PtbEsK3UZKQ5FDtJCLu_Qk-73c6pNqyKKXzCXinFEA-UW780gUqbViu4_aem_ZmFrZWR1bW15MTZieXRlcw (дата звернення: 19.08.2024). (In Sanskrit).
Viraraghavacharya S. V. T. (ed.). Sri Rangamanuja’s Svetasvataradyupanisad Purusasukta-Bhasya. Pt I. Tirupati, 1955. (In Sanskrit).
Virupakshananda Swami. Sāṁkhya Kārikā of Īśvara Kṛṣṇa with the Tattva Kaumudī of Śrī Vācaspati Miśra. Madras, w/y.
Warwick V. J. A Study of the Śvetāśvataropaniṣadbhāṣya. Attributed to Śaṁkara: an Annotated Translation. MPhil Thesis. London, 2017.
REFERENCES
Burba D. V. (trans.) (2021), Bhagavadgita, “Gita-artkha-sangraha” Yamuny, A. Yu. Krymskyi Institute of Oriental Studies, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian).
Zavhorodnii Yu. (2013), Retseptsiia indiiskoi filosofii v Ukraini. Liniia Ved (1840–1930-ti rr.), H. S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian).
Syrkin A. Ya. (trans.) (1992), Upanishady, Book 2, Nauka, Moscow. (In Russian).
Apte (1890), Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary, available at: https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/AP90Scan/2020/web/webtc2/index.php (accessed August 19, 2024).
Apte V. G. (1927), Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad. Edited With the Commentaries of Śaṃkara, Śaṃkarānanda, Nārāyaṇa, and Vijñānabhagavat, (Anandasrama Sanskrit Series, 17), Poona. (In Sanskrit).
Basu B. D. (ed.) (1916), Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad, (The Sacred Books of the Hindus, Vol. XVIII), The Pāninī Office Bhuvaneśwari Ᾱśrama, Bahadurganj, Allahabad.
Bedekar V. M. (1960–1961), “The Dhyānayoga in the Mahābhārata (XII. 188)”, Bhāratīya Vidyā, No. 20–21, pp. 116–125.
Bhandarkar R. G. (2001), Vaiṣṇavism, Śaivism and Minor Religious Systems, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, New Delhi.
Chand D. (trans.) (2002), Atharvaveda, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, New Delhi.
Cohen S. (1998), “The Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad Reconsidered”, Acta Orientalia, No. 59, pp. 150–178.
Cohen S. (ed.) (2018), The Upaniṣads. A Complete Guide, Routledge, London and New York.
Deussen P. (1966), The Philosophy of the Upanishads, Dover Publications, New York.
Deussen P. (trans.) (1980), Sixty Upaniṣads of the Veda, Part One, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi.
Devadatta Kālī (trans.) (2011), Śvetāśvataropaniṣad. The Knowledge that Liberates, Nicolas Hays, Lake Worth.
Gambhirananda Swami (trans.) (2009), Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad. With the Commentary of Śaṅkarācārya, Advaita Ashrama, Kolkata.
Ghosh Sh. (trans.) (1999), The Original Yoga as Expounded in Śivasaṃhitā, Gheraṇḍasaṃhitā and Patañjala Yogasūtra, Munshiram Manoharlal, Delhi.
Gonda J. (1975), A History of Indian Literature, Vol. I, Fasc. 1. Vedic Literature (Saṃhitās and Brāhmaṇas), Otto Harrasowitz, Wiesbaden.
Grimes J. (1996), A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English, State University of New York Press, Albany.
Hauschild R. (1927), Die Śvetāśvatara-Upaniṣad: Eine kritische Ausgabe mit einer Ubersetzung und einer Ubersicht uber ihre Lehren, (Abhandlungen fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes, XVII.3), Leipzig.
Hume R. E. (trans.) (1921), The Thirteen Principal Upaniṣads, Oxford University Press, London.
Johnston E. H. (1930), “Some Sāṁkhya and Yoga Conceptions of the Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad”, The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, No. 4, pp. 855–878. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0035869X00071872
Joshi K. L. et al. (eds) (2016), 112 Upaniṣads (An Exhaustive Introduction, Sanskrit Text, English Translation and Index of Verses), Vol. 1, Parimal Publications, Delhi.
Limaye V. P. and Vadekar R. D. (eds) (1958), Eighteen Principal Upaniṣads, Vaidika Samsodhana Mandala, Poona.
Mallinson J. and Singleton M. (eds) (2017), Roots of Yoga, Penguin Books, W/s.
Mitra R. (ed.) (1872), Taittirīya Ᾱraṇyaka, Baptist Mission Press, Kolkata. (In Sanskrit).
Monier-Williams M. (1899), Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries, available at: https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/2014/web/webtc/indexcaller.php (accessed August 19, 2024).
Muller F. Max. (ed. and trans.) (1884), The Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 15: The Upanishads, Pt. II, The Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Nooten van B. A. and Holland G. B. (ed.) (1994), Rig Veda. A Metrically Restored Text with an Introduction and Notes, Harvard University Press, Cambridge and London.
Oberlies T. (1995), “Die Śvetāśvatara-Upaniṣad: Einleitung-Edition und Ubersetzung von Adhyaya I.”, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens, Vol. 39, pp. 61–102.
Olivelle P. (1998a), The Early Upaniṣads. Annotated Text and Translation, Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195124354.001.0001
Olivelle P. (1998b), “Unfaithful Transmitters: Philological Criticism and Critical Editions of the Upaniṣads”, Journal of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 173–187. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004322726953
Radhakrishnan S. (1953), The Principal Upaniṣads, With Introduction, Text and Translation and Notes, George Allen and Unwin, London.
Tyāgīśānanda Swāmi (trans.) (1949), Śvetāśvataropaniṣad, Sri Ramakrishna Math, Madras.
Vasu S. Ch. (trans.) (1909), The Upaniṣads with the Commentaty of the Madhvacārya, Pt I: Īśa, Kena, Kaṭha, Muṇḍaka and Māṇḍuka, The Pāninī Office Bhuvaneśwari Ᾱśrama, Bahadurganj, Allahabad.
“Vigyanatmayatih. Shavetashvataropan1S Hat Savyakhya”, in Lalchand Research Library, DAV College, Chandigarh, available at: https://dav.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/shavetashvataropan1s-hat-savyakhya?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR1PtbEsK3UZKQ5FDtJCLu_Qk-73c6pNqyKKXzCXinFEA-UW780gUqbViu4_aem_ZmFrZWR1bW15MTZieXRlcw (accessed August 19, 2024). (In Sanskrit).
Viraraghavacharya S. V. T. (ed.) (1955), Sri Rangamanuja’s Svetasvataradyupanisad Purusasukta-Bhasya, Pt I, Tirumalai-Tirupati Devasthanams Press, Tirupati. (In Sanskrit).
Virupakshananda Swami (w/y), Sāṁkhya Kārikā of Īśvara Kṛṣṇa with the Tattva Kaumudī of Śrī Vācaspati Miśra, Sri Ramakrishna Math, Madras.
Warwick V. J. (2017), A Study of the Śvetāśvataropaniṣadbhāṣya, Attributed to Śaṁkara: an Annotated Translation, MPhil Thesis, The School of Oriental and African Studies University of London, London.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.