Ethnic Structure of the Jewish Proselyte Community in the Khazar Khaganate
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Abstract
Usually, many scholars connected the Jewish proselytism only with the Khazars in the Khazar Khaganate. It is widely known that the Jewish proselytes of the Khazar Khaganate were only a part of the Khazar urban population and were in direct relation to both the ruling stratum and merchants. However, the Khazars were formed from two ethnic groups: the Turkuts as newcomers and the “natural Khazars”. The first ethnic group became the ruling stratum. The second one was the Turkophone native population. Unfortunately, we know nothing about the ethnic belonging of the Khazar merchants who were the Jews.
The analysis of the Khazar-Hebrew documents allows us to identify other groups of the Jewish proselytes in the Khazar Khaganate. For instance, according to the “Schechter’s document”, the part of the North Caucasian Alans were the Jews. Probably they were deeply connected with the Khazar-Hebrew trade circles. In addition, Yahuda by the nickname of SWRTH was mentioned in the “Kyivan Letter of the Jews”. It is more likely that the term SWRTH was used in reference to a subgroup of the ancient Hungarians – the Savarts-Asfals – described by Constantine Porphyrogenitus.
In the 13th century, a Western European traveler Plano Carpini mentioned the Brutaques, who were the Jews in the North Western Caucasus, among the conquered by Mongols nations. I assume that they were neighbors of the Jewish Khazars in the Taman peninsula. As a result, a part of them became Jews.
Therefore, it is possible to consider Judaism as an international religion in the Khazar Khaganate.
How to Cite
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proselytes; Jews; Khazars; Khazar Khaganate; Khazar-Hebrew documents; Alans; Savarts; Brutaques
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