Citizen Science аmidst Challenges and Crises: Lessons from Japan for Ukraine
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Abstract
Driven by rapid advances in information and communication technologies and the ongoing refinement of democratic decision-making mechanisms based on principles of equality and inclusion, citizen science has become a broad-based global movement and an effective means of bridging the gap between science and society. The article analyzes the conceptual foundations, global trends, and typology of citizen science and traces its evolution from amateur practices to complex participatory and deliberative models. Particular attention is paid to Japan’s experience with citizen science initiatives, especially citizen-led monitoring of radioactive contamination following the technological disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. The analysis shows that, in times of crisis and amid distrust of official data, grassroots initiatives became an important alternative source of information and a means of collective self-protection. The Japanese experience reveals a complex dynamic of interaction between society and the state in the form of “conflictual collaboration”, whereby citizen initiatives, positioning themselves as neutral “pro-data” movements, gradually gained influence, blurring the boundary between professional expertise and lay knowledge. The analysis further indicates that, despite its formal restraint and political neutrality, citizen science in Japan has considerable transformative potential as a means of empowering citizens. Drawing on a comparative analysis, the article outlines the challenges and prospects for the development of citizen science in Ukraine. It examines the early stage of citizen science development in Ukraine, characterized by the predominance of initiatives launched by professional researchers and the active use of social media. The findings suggest that initial steps toward building an institutional framework and successful examples of biological and environmental projects have not yet brought citizen science into the mainstream in Ukraine. Its further development therefore requires thorough theoretical reflection, a regulatory framework modeled on European practice, and integration into sociopolitical discourse. The article argues that, under martial law and amid limited funding and shortages of research personnel, citizen science is of strategic importance as a potentially effective tool for preserving national scientific capacity, documenting war crimes, supporting the psychological rehabilitation of the population, promoting a scientific worldview, and accelerating Ukraine’s European integration. It emphasizes the need for further theoretical conceptualization and institutionalization of citizen science practices in Ukraine. The article proposes using existing research and foundational documents as a basis for further analytical studies and the practical implementation of participatory science tools within Ukraine’s research landscape. Aim: The article aims to analyze the evolution, conceptual foundations, and contemporary forms of citizen science worldwide; examine Japan’s experience with participatory initiatives in the aftermath of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant disaster; outline the prospects for applying this experience in Ukraine; and identify the potential of citizen science in Ukraine under martial law and directions for its further development in order to preserve national scientific capacity and address contemporary challenges.
How to Cite
Kubalskyi, O. (2026). Citizen Science аmidst Challenges and Crises: Lessons from Japan for Ukraine. The World of the Orient, (3 (132), 81–98. https://doi.org/10.15407/orientw2026.03.081
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Keywords
citizen science; contributory model; crowdsourcing; Japan; participatory science; radiation monitoring; Ukraine
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Abe Y. (2023), “Remembering and Forgetting Fukushima: Where Citizen Science Meets Populism”, International Journal of Communication, Vol. 17, pp. 2224–2242.
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Figueroa P. (2013), “When the Tide Goes out: Citizen Participation in Japan after the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster”, Asia Pacific Perspectives, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 74–78.
Herzog L. and Lepenies R. (2022), “Citizen Science in Deliberative Systems: Participation, Epistemic Injustice, and Civic Empowerment”, Minerva, Vol. 60, pp. 489–508. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11024-022-09467-8
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Kullenberg C. and Kasperowski D. (2016), “What Is Citizen Science? – A Scientometric Meta-Analysis”, PLOS ONE, No. 11 (1), e0147152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147152
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Polleri M. (2019), “Conflictual Collaboration: Citizen Science and the Governance of Radioactive Contamination after the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster”, American Ethnologist, Vol. 46, Issue 2, pp. 214–226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/amet.12763
Poudel N., Dixit A. M., Pamaong M. T. et al. (2025), “Analysis of Citizen Science Program for Disaster Risk Reduction in Japan: The Case of Safecast”, J. Disaster Sci. Manag, Vol. 1, article number 7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44367-025-00007-1
Reiher C. (2016), “Lay People and Experts in Citizen Science: Monitoring Radioactively Contaminated Food in Post-Fukushima Japan”, ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, No. 140, pp. 56–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/asien.2016.140.18700
Sato K. (2017), “Japan’s Nuclear Imaginaries Before and After Fukushima: Visions of Science, Technology, and Society”, in Ahn J., Guarnieri F., and Furuta K. (eds), Resilience: A New Paradigm of Nuclear Safety, Springer, Cham, pp. 195–206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58768-4_15
Sforzi A. et al. (2018), “Citizen Science and the Role of Natural History Museums”, in J. Vogel et al. (eds), Citizen Science: Innovation in Open Science, Society and Policy, UCL Press, pp. 429–444. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111.9781787352339
Silva R. C. G. da and Santana E. S. (2023), “Citizen Science”, Cogitare Enfermagem, No. 28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/ce.v28i0.89002
Skuibida O. (2024), “Basic Regulations and Principles of Citizen Science in Ukraine”, in IInd International Conference “Open Science and Innovation in Ukraine 2023”, No. 1 (109). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/9789815256956124010032
Smith P. (2026), “In Okinawa, Tourists are Helping Track Endangered Sharks”, BBC Travel, June 5, available at: https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20260605-in-okinawa-tourists-are-helping-track-endangered-sharks (accessed July 10, 2026).
Tolbert S. et al. (2024), “ ‘Citizen Scientists’ on Citizen Science”, Postdigital Science and Education, No. 7, pp. 120–142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-024-00494-0
Van Oudheusden M. and Abe Y. (2021), “Beyond the Grassroots: Two Trajectories of ‘Citizen Sciencization’ in Environmental Governance”, Citizen Science: Theory and Practice, Vol. 6. Issue 1, p. 13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.377
Van Oudheusden M. et al. (2024), ‘The Valuable Plurality of the Citizen Sciences”, Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 10–20. (Original work published 2023). DOI: https://doi.org/10.23987/sts.126210
Van Oudheusden M. et al. (2019), Workshop Report. Learning from Citizen Science after Fukushima: Probing the Role and Potential of Citizen Science in Nuclear Science and Technology Governance in Japan and Belgium, SCK CEN. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.12254.79682
Zenbird Editorial Team (2026), “Tokyo Launches Citizen Science Survey to Track Urban Biodiversity”, Zenbird Media, July 17, available at: https://zenbird.media/tokyo-launches-citizen-science-survey-to-track-urban-biodiversity/ (accessed July 30, 2026).
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