MODERN INTERPRETATIONS OF THE QURAN: THE CURRENT STATE OF RESEARCH
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Abstract
The article is devoted to an overview of the modern approaches to the interpretation of the Qur’an, which had been developed by the Muslim religious and philosophical thinkers of XX–XXI century. Following the analysis of primary sources and historiography, the author outlines several major areas of modern Qur’anic exegesis, including literary, scientific, thematic and feminist approaches. In the article, special attention is given to those social and political factors that impede the free development of the interpretation of the Quran and block competition of ideas in this area. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that contemporary hermeneutics of the Qur’an, which represents the reformist discourse in Islamic thought, has evolved outside of the traditional tafsir genre and still remains a relatively marginal phenomenon.
How to Cite
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hermeneutics, Modern Interpretations, Quran, tafsir
Abbott F. Mawlana Maududi and Quranic Interpretation // The Muslim World. Vol. 48. 1958. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.1958.tb02560.x
Abu Hajar, Ahmad ‘Umar. al-Tafsir al-’ilmi fi l-mizan. Beirut, 1991.
Abu Zayd N. Rethinking the Qur’an: Toward a Humanistic Hermeneutics // Islamochristiana. Vol. 30. 2004.
Adams Ch. Abul-A’la Mawdudı’s Tafhım al-Qur’an // Approaches to the History of the Interpretation of the Quran / Ed. Andrew Rippin. Oxford, 1988.
Ahmed L. Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate. New Haven, 1992.
al-Khuli A. al-Tafsir. Ma’alim hayatihi wa-manhajuhu al-yawm. Cairo, 1944.
al-Khuli A. Manahij al-tafsir tajdid fi l-nahw wa-l-balagha wa-l-tafsir wa-l-adab. Cai-ro, 1961.
al-Maududi, Abu al-Ala. Towards Understanding the Qur’an: English Version of Tafhim al-Qur’an. Leicester, 1988–2010.
al-Mawdudi, Abu a1-Ala. Tafhim al-Qur’an. 6 vol. Lahore, 1949–72.
al-Muhtasib, Abd al-Majid ‘Abd al-Salam. Ittijahat al-tafsir fi l-asr al-rahin. Amman, 1980.
al-Sadr, al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir. Muqaddimat fi l-tafsir al-mawdu‘i lil-Qur’an al-ka-rim. Beirut, 1980.
Ansari Z. I. Scientific Exegesis of the Qur’an // Journal of Qur’anic Studies. Vol. 3 (1). 2001.
Baljon J. Modern Muslim Koran Interpretation (1880–1960). Leiden, 1961.
Barlas A. Amina Wadud’s Hermeneutics of the Qur’an: Women Rereading Sacred Texts // Modern Muslim Intellectuals and the Qur’an / Ed. S. Taji-Farouki. London, 2004.
Barlas A. Women’s Readings of the Qur’an // The Cambridge Companion to the Qur’an / Ed. J. D. McAuliffe. Cambridge, 2006.
Bälz K. Submitting Faith to Judicial Scrutiny Through the Family Trial: The “Abu Zayd” Case // Die Welt des Islams. Vol. 37, № 2. 1997. https://doi.org/10.1163/1570060972597057
Bint al-Shati’. al-Tafsir al-bayani lil-Qur’an al-karim. Misr, 1977–1982.
Boullata I. Modern Qur’Anic Exegesis: A Study in Bint al-Shati’s Method // The Muslim World. Vol. 64. 1974. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.1974.tb03145.x
Campanini M. Qur’an and Science: A Hermeneutical Approach // Journal of Qur’anic Stu-dies. Vol. 7 (1). 2005.
Campanini M. The Qur’an: The Basics / Trans. O. Leaman. New York, 2007.
Campanini M. Qur’anic Hermeneutics and Political Hegemony: Reformation of Islamic Thought // Muslim World. Vol. 99. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.2009.01257.x
Campanini M. The Qur’an: Modern Muslim Interpretations. London, 2011. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203845509
Carré O. Mysticism and Politics. A Critical Reading of Fi Zilal al-Qur’an by Sayyid Qutb (1906–1966). Leiden, 2003.
Ghazali M. A Thematic Commentary on the Qur’an. Herdon, 1997–1999.
Goldziher I. Die Richtungen der islamischen Koranauslegung. Leiden, 1920. https://doi.org/10.1080/03461238.1920.10405312
Haddad Y. The Qur’anic Justification for an Islamic Revolution. The View of Sayyid Qutb // Middle East Journal. Vol. 37. 1983.
Hanafi A. Mu‘jizat al-Qur’an fi wasf al-ka’inat. Cairo, 1954.
Hanafi A. Al-Tafsir al-’ilmi lil-ayat al-kawniyya. Cairo, 1968.
Husayn T. al-Majmu’a al-kamila li-mu’allafat alduktur Taha Husayn. Beirut, 1974.
Ibn ‘Ashur, Muhanunad al-Tahir. Tafsir al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir. 30 vols. Tunis, 1984.
Ibn al-Dardir A. al-Tafsir al-mawdu’i li-ayat al-tawhid fi-l-Qur’an al-karim. Cairo, 1990.
Ismail, Abd al-’Aziz. al-Islam wa-l-tibb al-hadith. Cairo, 1938.
Jansen J. The Interpretation of the Koran in Modern Egypt. Leiden, 1974.
Jawhari T. al-Jawahir fi tafsir al-Qur’an al-karim al-mushtamil ala aja’ib bada’i’ al-mukawwanat wa-ghara’ib al-ayat al-bahirat. Cairo, 1931.
Kermani N. From Revelation to Interpretation: Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd and the Literary Study of the Qur’an // Modern Muslim Intellectuals and the Qur’an / S. Taji-Farouki, ed. London, 2004.
Mernissi F. The Veil and the Male Elite: A Feminist Interpretation of Women’s Rights in Islam / Trans. Mary Jo Lakeland. Massachusetts, 1991.
Mir M. Some Features of Mawdudi’s Tafhim al-Qur’an // American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences. Vol. 2. 1985.
Najjar F. Islamic Fundamentalism and the Intellectuals: The Case of Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd // British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. Vol. 27. 2000. https://doi.org/10.1080/13530190020000529
Nawfal, ‘Abd al-Razzaq. al-Qur’an wa-l-ilm al-hadith. Cairo, 1959.
Nayed A. The Radical Qur’anic Hermeneutics of Sayyid Qutb // Islamic Studies (Islamabad). Vol. 31 (3). 1992.
Ohlander E. Modern Qur’anic Hemerneutics // Religion Compass. Vol. 3/4. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8171.2009.00144.x
Qutb S. In the Shade of the Qur’ān (Fī Zilāl Al-Qur’ān). In 30 vol. Markfield, 2001.
Rahman F. Major Themes of the Qur’an. Minneapolis, 1980.
Rahman F. Islam and Modernity: Transformation of an Intellectual Tradition. Chica-go, 1982.
Rippin A. The Qur’an and Modernity // Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. London, 2001.
Saeed A. Qur’an: Tradition of Scholarship and Interpretation // Encyclopedia of Religion / Ed. L. Jones. Vol. 11. Detroit, 2005.
Shalabi H. al-Tafsir al-’ilmi lil-Qur’an al-karim bayn al-nazariyyat wa-l-tatbiq. Tunis, 1985.
Shaltut M. Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Karim. Cairo, 1974.
Ünal A. The Qur’an, with Annotated Interpretation in Modern English. Somerset, 2006.
Wadud A. Inside the Gender Jihad: Women’s Reform in Islam. Oxford, 2006.
Wadud-Muhsin A. Qur’an and Woman: Rereading the Sacred Text from a Woman’s Perspective. Oxford, 1992.
Wielandt R. Wurzeln der Schwierigkeit innerislamischen Gesprächs über neue hermeneutische Zugänge zum Korantext // The Qur’an as Text / Ed. S. Wild. Leiden, 1996.
Wielandt R. Exegesis of the Qur’an: Early Modern and Contemporary // Encyclopedia of the Qur’an / Ed. J. D. McAuliffe. Vol. 2. Leiden, 2002.
REFERENCES
Abbott F. (1958), “Mawlana Maududi and Quranic Interpretation”, in The Muslim World, Vol. 48. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.1958.tb02560.x
Abu Hajar and Ahmad ‘Umar (1991), al-Tafsir al-’ilmi fi l-mizan, Beirut. (In Arabic).
Abu Zayd N. (2004), “Rethinking the Qur’an: Toward a Humanistic Hermeneutics”, in Islamochristiana, Vol. 30.
Adams Ch. (1988), “Abul-A’la Mawdudı’s Tafhım al-Qur’an”, in Approaches to the History of the Interpretation of the Quran, Ed. by Andrew Rippin, Oxford.
Ahmed L. (1992), Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate, New Haven.
al-Khuli A. (1944), al-Tafsir. Ma’alim hayatihi wa-manhajuhu al-yawm, Cairo. (In Arabic).
al-Khuli A. (1961), Manahij al-tafsir tajdid fi l-nahw wa-l-balagha wa-l-tafsir wa-l-adab, Cairo. (In Arabic).
al-Maududi and Abu al-Ala (1988–2010), Towards Understanding the Qur’an: English Version of Tafhim al-Qur’an, Leicester.
al-Mawdudi and Abu a1-Ala (1949–72), Tafhim al-Qur’an., 6 vol., Lahore. (In Arabic).
al-Muhtasib and Abd al-Majid ‘Abd al-Salam (1980), Ittijahat al-tafsir fi l-asr al-rahin, Amman. (In Arabic).
al-Sadr and al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir (1980), Muqaddimat fi l-tafsir al-mawdu‘i lil-Qur’an al-karim, Beirut. (In Arabic).
Ansari Z. I. (2001), “Scientific Exegesis of the Qur’an”, in Journal of Qur’anic Studies, Vol. 3 (1).
Baljon J. (1961), Modern Muslim Koran Interpretation (1880–1960), Leiden.
Barlas A. (2004), “Amina Wadud’s Hermeneutics of the Qur’an: Women Rereading Sacred Texts”, in Modern Muslim Intellectuals and the Qur’an, Ed. by S. Taji-Farouki, London.
Barlas A. (2006), “Women’s Readings of the Qur’an”, in The Cambridge Companion to the Qur’an, Ed. by J. D. McAuliffe, Cambridge.
Bälz K. (1997), “Submitting Faith to Judicial Scrutiny Through the Family Trial: The ‘Abu Zayd’ Case”, in Die Welt des Islams, Vol. 37, No. 2. https://doi.org/10.1163/1570060972597057
Bint al-Shati’ (1977–1982), al-Tafsir al-bayani lil-Qur’an al-karim, Misr. (In Arabic).
Boullata I. (1974), “Modern Qur’Anic Exegesis: A Study in Bint al-Shati’s Method”, in The Muslim World, Vol. 64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.1974.tb03145.x
Campanini M. (2005), “Qur’an and Science: A Hermeneutical Approach”, in Journal of Qur’anic Studies, Vol. 7 (1).
Campanini M. (2007), The Qur’an: The Basics, Transl. by O. Leaman, New York.
Campanini M. (2009), “Qur’anic Hermeneutics and Political Hegemony: Reformation of Islamic Thought”, in Muslim World, Vol. 99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.2009.01257.x
Campanini M. (2011), The Qur’an: Modern Muslim Interpretations, London. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203845509
Carré O. (2003), Mysticism and Politics. A Critical Reading of Fi Zilal al-Qur’an by Sayyid Qutb (1906–1966), Leiden.
Ghazali M. (1997–1999), A Thematic Commentary on the Qur’an, Herdon.
Goldziher I. (1920), Die Richtungen der islamischen Koranauslegung, Leiden. https://doi.org/10.1080/03461238.1920.10405312
Haddad Y. (1983), “The Qur’anic Justification for an Islamic Revolution. The View of Sayyid Qutb”, in Middle East Journal, Vol. 37.
Hanafi A. (1954), Mu‘jizat al-Qur’an fi wasf al-ka’inat, Cairo. (In Arabic).
Hanafi A. (1968), Al-Tafsir al-’ilmi lil-ayat al-kawniyya, Cairo. (In Arabic).
Husayn T. (1974), al-Majmu’a al-kamila li-mu’allafat alduktur Taha Husayn, Beirut. (In Arabic).
Ibn ‘Ashur and Muhanunad al-Tahir (1984), Tafsir al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir, 30 vols., Tunis. (In Arabic).
Ibn al-Dardir A. (1990), al-Tafsir al-mawdu’i li-ayat al-tawhid fi-l-Qur’an al-karim, Cairo. (In Arabic).
Ismail Abd al-’Aziz (1938), al-Islam wa-l-tibb al-hadith, Cairo. (In Arabic).
Jansen J. (1974), The Interpretation of the Koran in Modern Egypt, Leiden.
Jawhari T. (1931), al-Jawahir fi tafsir al-Qur’an al-karim al-mushtamil ala aja’ib bada’i’ al-mukawwanat wa-ghara’ib al-ayat al-bahirat, Cairo. (In Arabic).
Kermani N. (2004), “From Revelation to Interpretation: Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd and the Literary Study of the Qur’an”, in Modern Muslim Intellectuals and the Qur’an, S. Taji-Farouki (Ed.), London.
Mernissi F. (1991), The Veil and the Male Elite: A Feminist Interpretation of Women’s Rights in Islam, Transl. by Mary Jo Lakeland, Massachusetts.
Mir M. (1985), “Some Features of Mawdudi’s Tafhim al-Qur’an”, in American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences, Vol. 2.
Najjar F. (2000), “Islamic Fundamentalism and the Intellectuals: The Case of Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd”, in British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 27. https://doi.org/10.1080/13530190020000529
Nawfal ‘Abd al-Razzaq (1959), al-Qur’an wa-l-ilm al-hadith, Cairo. (In Arabic).
Nayed A. (1992), “The Radical Qur’anic Hermeneutics of Sayyid Qutb”, in Islamic Studies (Islamabad), Vol. 31 (3).
Ohlander E. (2009), “Modern Qur’anic Hemerneutics”, in Religion Compass, Vol. 3/4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8171.2009.00144.x
Qutb S. (2001), In the Shade of the Qur’ān (Fī Zilāl Al-Qur’ān), In 30 vol., Markfield.
Rahman F. (1980), Major Themes of the Qur’an, Minneapolis.
Rahman F. (1982), Islam and Modernity: Transformation of an Intellectual Tradition, Chicago.
Rippin A. (2001), “The Qur’an and Modernity”, in Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices, London.
Saeed A. (2005), “Qur’an: Tradition of Scholarship and Interpretation”, in Encyclopedia of Religion, Ed. by L. Jones, Vol. 11, Detroit.
Shalabi H. (1985), al-Tafsir al-’ilmi lil-Qur’an al-karim bayn al-nazariyyat wa-l-tatbiq, Tunis. (In Arabic).
Shaltut M. (1974), Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Karim, Cairo. (In Arabic).
Ünal A. (2006), The Qur’an, with Annotated Interpretation in Modern English, Somerset.
Wadud A. (2006), Inside the Gender Jihad: Women’s Reform in Islam, Oxford.
Wadud-Muhsin A. (1992), Qur’an and Woman: Rereading the Sacred Text from a Woman’s Perspective, Oxford.
Wielandt R. (1996), “Wurzeln der Schwierigkeit innerislamischen Gesprächs über neue hermeneutische Zugänge zum Korantext”, in The Qur’an as Text, Ed. by S. Wild, Leiden.
Wielandt R. (2002), “Exegesis of the Qur’an: Early Modern and Contemporary”, in Encyclopedia of the Qur’an, Ed. by J. D. McAuliffe, Vol. 2, Leiden.
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